Originally published Sunday, October 5, 2008 at 12:00 AM
Northwest Living
WPA rustic-style fieldhouses leave a legacy of craftsmanship and service
The Works Progress Administration put Depression-era people to work and built a legacy of rustic-style fieldhouses in King County that still serve the public.
Historical photos courtesy of King County Historic Preservation Program
The Si View Community Center in North Bend is a large, rustic building with lower walls of fieldstone and upper walls clad in half-log siding. The south facade's 1 ½-story front gable has a ribbon of four, vertically oriented windows surrounded by a balcony with a vertical wood-plank railing, decoratively cut out in an Alpine-influenced design.
MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES
One of several field houses in King County built in the late 30's and early 40's include the Si View Community center in North Bend.
MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES
Large, divided wood-sash windows open up to views of Si and the surrounding landscape.
MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES
The Si plan is the most complex of the five remaining local field houses, including this indoor pool with timber trusses spanning the space.
Historical photos courtesy of King County Historic Preservation Program
The Preston Fieldhouse was built by WPA crews between 1938 and 1939 on land donated by the Preston Mill Co. Its river-rock masonry walls are built on a poured concrete foundation. The gabled, wood-shingle roof is more steeply sloped than other WPA-built fieldhouses. The gable ends are clad in wood shingles and supported by large knee braces. An exposed river-rock chimney rises from the stone-sheathed ground floor on the gable end of the southeast elevation of the fieldhouse.
MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES
The Preston Fieldhouse was built by WPA crews between 1938 and 1939 on land donated by the Preston Mill Co. Its river-rock masonry walls are built on a poured concrete foundation. The gabled, wood-shingle roof is more steeply sloped than other WPA-built fieldhouses. The gable ends are clad in wood shingles and supported by large knee braces. An exposed river-rock chimney rises from the stone-sheathed ground floor on the gable end of the southeast elevation of the fieldhouse.
MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES
The Preston Community Center in Preston Washington is located just off the Preston-Fall City Road. River rocks were used to build the foundations and chimney.
Historical photos courtesy of King County Historic Preservation Program
The site of the Enumclaw WPA Fieldhouse was developed on land in part donated by Pete Chovak and the White River Lumber Co. in September, 1938. It includes a half-log-clad fieldhouse (1940); picnic shelter (c. 1940); three sets of stone stairs (c. 1940); stone retaining walls (c. 1940); baseball diamond (c. 1940); a football field and grandstand (1940); and various mature plantings including two groves of fir trees.
Historical photos courtesy of King County Historic Preservation Program
The site of the Enumclaw WPA Fieldhouse was developed on land in part donated by Pete Chovak and the White River Lumber Co. in September, 1938. It includes a half-log-clad fieldhouse (1940); picnic shelter (c. 1940); three sets of stone stairs (c. 1940); stone retaining walls (c. 1940); baseball diamond (c. 1940); a football field and grandstand (1940); and various mature plantings including two groves of fir trees.
MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES
The White Center Fieldhouse was built by WPA crews in 1940 on 12 acres donated by the Mountain View Community Club and known now as Steve Cox Memorial Park. It is a half-log-clad fieldhouse with a shed-roofed porch centrally located on the north facade supported by pairs of log posts, which are joined by short spans of log railing. The intact interior comprises a gymnasium and stage.
Historical photos courtesy of King County Historic Preservation Program
The White Center Fieldhouse was built by WPA crews in 1940 on 12 acres donated by the Mountain View Community Club and known now as Steve Cox Memorial Park. It is a half-log-clad fieldhouse with a shed-roofed porch centrally located on the north facade supported by pairs of log posts, which are joined by short spans of log railing. The intact interior comprises a gymnasium and stage.
Celebrate the New Deal
To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the creation of FDR's New Deal, King County is celebrating 7 to 9 p.m., Oct. 15 at the Preston Activity Center, 8625 310th Ave. S.E. Activities include a talk about the impact of New Deal programs on local communities, a presentation on buildings that are being nominated to the National Register and a presentation by students from the WPA-built Skykomish School about the WPA in their community. The State Advisory Council on Historic Preservation will meet at Heritage Hall, 203 Market St., Kirkland, on Oct. 17 to review the nominations. The public is invited to attend.
Learn to landmark
Historic Seattle offers a one-day workshop that provides practical tools to city and county residents who want to protect the community's built environment and honor neighborhood heritage.
When: 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Oct. 18, Where: Good Shepherd Center, 4649 Sunnyside Ave. N., Room 202
Tickets: $30; $15 students; www.historicseattle.org or 206-622-6952
Some people think that early-20th-century rustic Arts & Crafts-style housing and lodges disappeared as America entered the Great Depression and that, by the time we got into World War II, "modern" was on the drawing boards everywhere. But a visit to five fieldhouses in King County parks built between 1937 and 1940 will convince you otherwise.
The earlier vocabulary is here to see: true log construction, river-rock and stone foundations and walls, and wood-paneled interiors with mammoth stone fireplaces. This month, King County celebrates these vestiges of President Roosevelt's ambitious New Deal and the formation of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) by presenting these buildings and sites to the State Advisory Council on Historic Preservation for recognition in the State and National Registers of Historic Places.
The WPA coordinated programs of various federal agencies that provided work to the unemployed during the Depression. WPA merged with the Public Works Administration in 1940 to become the Federal Works Agency. By 1941, the agency had employed more than 8 million people — a fifth of all workers in the country. In about nine years, it completed more than a quarter of a million projects encompassing nearly every field of economic and social activity. In King County, these programs left a valuable legacy of artistic, literary and historical accomplishments, as well as a wide range of public works — roads, bridges, docks, sidewalks, flood-control projects, parks, schools and public buildings included.
This public-private partnership with communities led to the acquisition and improvement of at least 15 park sites and the construction of eight major recreational facilities or fieldhouses between 1937 and 1940. Five of these fieldhouses (today called activity centers) and their associated structures at White Center, Des Moines, Preston, Enumclaw and North Bend remain in use as parks.
Their rustic style carried on a long-held tradition — the emphasis on harmonious design with a low impact on nature — that had its roots in the public park movement of the mid-19th century, the ideals of the Arts & Crafts Movement, and development of national parks at the turn of the 20th century. Old Faithful Inn, completed in 1902, is often credited with having influenced early parks buildings with a shared vocabulary of regional stone foundations and chimneys, and rafters, posts and beams made of exposed local logs and timbers.
It was a perfect fit. The Arts & Crafts Movement favored the beauty and honesty of traditional hand craftsmanship, the use of natural materials, and emphasis on simplicity.
Perhaps the first resort in Western Washington to espouse the virtues of the Arts & Crafts and the rustic style was Mineral Lake Lodge, built in 1906 by Scandinavians for the Tacoma vacation trade. But the peak of Arts & Crafts ideals was reached a decade later with Paradise Inn on Mount Rainier. Various buildings were developed in the rustic-style log and shingle treatments that became associated with the National Park Service, and the style continued to be used throughout the 1920s and '30s. The Civilian Conservation Corps also encouraged rustic buildings in its projects.
Our fieldhouses are the best examples of Depression-era public works in King County, and continue to serve as important homes for recreation here.
Lawrence Kreisman is program director of Historic Seattle and author of "The Arts and Crafts Movement in the Pacific Northwest."Mike Siegel is a Seattle Times staff photographer.
Copyright © 2008 The Seattle Times Company
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