Iowa, New Hampshire voters recoil at anti-Romney polls

WASHINGTON — Rose Kramer was at her Dubuque, Iowa, home, waiting for the TV show "House" to start Tuesday night when a pollster called and started asking her about John McCain. After a few polite questions, the caller started saying unflattering things about Mitt Romney.

In another part of Iowa, Ralph Watts got a similar call the next day. Are you aware, the caller asked, that Mormons consider the Book of Mormon superior to the Bible? Would that make you more or less likely to vote for Romney?

On Friday, the calls, which lit up the phone lines this week in two key early voting states, Iowa and New Hampshire, became the target of Romney's outrage and that of his Republican rivals. They also became the subject of an investigation by the New Hampshire Attorney General's Office.

The calls were a vivid reminder of how ugly the 2008 presidential campaign could become and how Romney's Mormon religion could play an important role.

McCain denied having anything to do with the calls, saying "it is disgraceful, it is outrageous and it is a violation, we believe, of New Hampshire law." The Arizona senator's complaint Friday triggered the New Hampshire inquiry.

"We are looking at whether the calls qualify as push polls," said Assistant Attorney General James Kennedy.

Push polling is so named because the surveyors first ask standard questions, such as a first or second electoral choice. But they quickly begin mentioning negatives about a candidate and ask if that would make the voter more or less likely to back that candidate. In short, they "push" the caller toward a negative conclusion.

New Hampshire has a nine-year-old law requiring anyone who engages in push polling to tell the person being surveyed if the call is "being made on behalf of, in support of or in opposition to" a candidate.

They also must identify the candidate and give the phone number where the call originated. Failing to could be a felony. No one has ever been prosecuted under the law.

The calls reportedly were placed by Western Wats, an Orem, Utah, survey firm. A spokesman for the company would not comment on whether it made the calls. However, its client services director, Robert Maccabee, said, "Western Wats has never, currently does not, nor will it ever engage in push polling."

In the polls in questions, voters reported identical patterns.

"They started by asking about 15 or 20 questions about different candidates," recalled Sabrina Matteson, a New Hampshire Farm Bureau editor who got a call Wednesday evening.

Soon, the undecided Republican said, the caller noted that Romney's five sons had never served in the military and asked if that gave her a more or less favorable view of him.

"What kind of question is that?" Matteson said she responded.

The issue of Romney's religion is highly sensitive. He's seeking to become the first Mormon in the White House, and national polls have found that many voters are likely to oppose him because of his religion.

The Romney camp was outraged Friday.

"Whichever campaign is engaging in this type of awful religious bigotry as a line of political attack, it is repulsive and, to put it bluntly, un-American," said Romney communications director Matt Rhoades.

There was no clear evidence, however, that any opponent was behind the polls.

Material from The Associated Press

is included in this report.