CHICAGO — Democrats, looking to reverse their fortunes after two consecutive White House defeats, met yesterday to hear competing proposals to revamp the election calendar used to choose a presidential nominee every four years.

The three major proposals would focus on regional primaries. Two of those proposals would allow Iowa and New Hampshire to retain their leadoff roles in the candidate selection process.

A third plan, offered by Michigan Democrats, would create a rotating series of six regional primaries. A different region would launch each presidential nominating season.

Sen. Tom Harkin, D-Iowa: "Face-to-face politics, not big money."

That plan would allow single-state contests to begin the process, but those states would be rotated.

"What's at stake here is nothing less than a struggle for political equality and political relevance," said Michigan Sen. Carl Levin, who blasted "this perpetual privilege that two states have."

Activists from Iowa and New Hampshire vowed to fiercely defend their leadoff status, and said the problem the party faces is excessive "front-loading." In 2004, 30 states had held delegate selection contests by mid-March.

Former New Hampshire Gov. Jeanne Shaheen argued that the crush of early states takes influence away from voters in later states.

"I think front-loading is one of the issues we want to address," Shaheen said.

Tina Abbott of the Michigan Democratic Party argued that the leadoff roles of Iowa and New Hampshire give two tiny and unrepresentative states disproportionate influence on whom the party picks.

"This must be changed," Abbott said. "Under the current system, millions of votes in later states count for nothing."

Iowa Sen. Tom Harkin defended his state's position. "It emphasizes face-to-face politics, not big money," he said. "There should be a role in the beginning of our process for the party faithful."

Said New Hampshire Gov. John Lynch: "With 85 years of ingrained tradition, the New Hampshire primary forces candidates to answer questions. Having that opportunity not only makes them better candidates, it makes them better presidents."

The proposals were made before a special commission selected by the Democratic National Committee.

Leslie Reynolds of the National Association of Secretaries of State said her group favored a plan that divided the country into four regions, which would hold rotating primaries. Those elections would follow Iowa's leadoff caucuses and New Hampshire's opening primary.

"Iowa and New Hampshire have both tradition and success," Reynolds said.

A group called Democrats for the West pushed for an early primary group of eight interior Western states, but they also would vote after Iowa and New Hampshire.

Spokesman Brian Kuehl said the West is the fastest growing in the nation, and represents prime areas where Democrats can gain.

"We believe that with coordinated regional party-building efforts and concerted attention from the Democratic presidential candidates, many Western states will endorse the Democratic nominee in 2008," Kuehl said.

The commission will debate the various proposals in October. It will recommend changes, if any, in December.

Republicans already are planning to launch their 2008 nominating process in Iowa and New Hampshire.